INTRODUCATION
Chhattisgarh, the 26th State of India, was carved out of Madhya Pradesh on November 1, 2000. Located in central India it covers an area of 135,133 sq km. Raipur is the capital of Chhattisgarh. Chhattisgarh is bordered by Bihar, Jharkhand and Uttar Pradesh in the north, Andhra Pradesh in the south, Orissa in the east and Madhya Pradesh in the west. The state lies at 17°46' N to 24°5'N latitude and 80°15' E to 84°20' E longitude.
Chhattisgarh is a land of opportunities. It is the richest state in mineral resources with all major minerals including diamonds available in abundance. Major industries in steel, aluminium and cement are present in the state. Chhattisgarh contributes substantially to the economy and human resources of the country.
The major crops produced in the state are rice, sugarcane, banana, pulses, and wheat.
The forest products that are produced are teak, sal, bamboo, sheeshal, mahua, tamarind, haldu, saja, sheesham, and various herbs
HISTORY
Chhattisgarh is a young and a new state but the reference of this state can be traced in ancient texts, and inscriptions.
In ancient times Chhattisgarh was known as Dakshin Kosala and it is said that Lord Rama has spent some time here when he was on his 14 years exile.
The unbroken history of Chhattisgarh or of South Kosala can be traced back to fourth century AD. In the 10th century the region was ruled by a powerful Rajput family who called themselves as Haihaya dynasty. This dynasty continued ruling Chhattisgarh for six centuries and about the 14th century it split into parts. The Chalukya Dynasty established its rule in Bastar in the middle ages.
The Marathas attacked Chhattisgarh in 1741 and destroyed the Haihaya power. In 1745 AD after conquering the region, they deposed Raghunathsinghji, the last surviving member of the Ratanpur house. In 1758, the Marathas finally annexed Chhattisgarh. It came directly under Maratha rule and Bimbaji Bhonsle, was appointed the ruler. After the death of Bimbaji Bhonsle, the Marathas adopted the Suba system.
In 1818 Chhattisgarh came under some sort of British control for the first time. In 1854, when the province of Nagpur lapsed to the British government, Chhattisgarh was formed into a deputy commissionership with its headquarters at Raipur.
The First war of independence in 1857 was spearheaded in Chhattisgarh by Vir Narain Singh who was a benevolent zamindar of Sonakhan.
CHHATTISGARH DISTRICTS
There are 16 districts in Chhattisgarh. A district of Chhattisgarh is headed by a Deputy Commissioner who is over all in-charge of the administration in that particular district. He has to perform triple functions as he holds three positions of a Deputy Commissioner, the district Magistrate and that of a Collector. As a Deputy Commissioner he is the executive head of the district with multifarious responsibilities. As the District Magistrate he is responsible for maintaining the law and order situation in the district and as the Collector he is the Chief Revenue Officer of the district, responsible for revenue collection and recovery. The Police administration in the district is under the control of Superintendent of Police (SP).
To decentralize the authority in administrative set up a district is divided into one or more subdivisions, which are further divided into tehsils and blocks. Here is a list of 16 districts.
Bastar, Bilaspur, Dantewada (South Bastar), Dhamtari, Durg, Janjgir-Champa, Jashpur, Kanker (North Bastar), Kawardha, Korba, Koriya (Korea), Mahasamund, Raigarh, Raipur, Rajnandgaon, and Surguja
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